The Ajusco case,based on twenty months of fieldwork completed over the course of a decade(1983-1993),documents the dynamics of community mobilization and the interactive politics of environmental regulation and popular resistance around ecological and land use issues.The case links the urban land question and the concept of sustainability to questions about livelihood opportunities and political mediation.The study advances one of the key arguments stressed during the 1992 World Conference on Environment and Development(Earth Summit) and the 1996 City Summit(Habitat Ⅱ): rising demands for healthy human settlements—including adequate housing,jobs,food,water,social justice,and equity—must be reconciled with the necessity to sustain the ecological foundations of life and industry.The Mexico City case clearly shows that efforts to meet such a far-reaching challenge must go beyond issues of urban management.Bottom-up pressure must be brought against the state so that planning for ecological sustainability can take into account the fact that human settlements are increasingly places for production and income generation as well as a places for consumption and reproduction.This challenge calls for community empowerment and,ultimately,for integrated approaches to sustainable development in urban and rural areas simultaneously—not just in the Valley of Mexco,but regionally and around the world.
熱心網(wǎng)友
阿胡斯科案例是建立在前后延續(xù)10年(1983-1993年),總共歷時20個月的實地調(diào)查基礎(chǔ)之上的。以文獻的形式記錄了有關(guān)社區(qū)動員方面的動態(tài)、環(huán)境規(guī)劃方面的政治互動、以及來自民眾方面的,在生態(tài)和土地征用問題上的阻力。在這一案例中,城市用地問題、可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念同居民謀生機會,以及政府政治干預(yù)之間有著緊密聯(lián)系。研究深入探討了1992年世界環(huán)境與發(fā)展會議(全球峰會)以及1996年城市首腦會議(第二屆人居環(huán)境高峰論壇)的關(guān)鍵議題之一:即在建設(shè)健康人居環(huán)境、謀求正常的居住條件、工作、飲食、生活用水、社會公平與公正等方面需求不斷增長的同時,必須兼顧保證生態(tài)環(huán)境可持續(xù)發(fā)展的必要性,以使民生及工業(yè)得以依托生態(tài)環(huán)境合理發(fā)展。墨西哥城案例清楚地表明:必須把迎接這一影響深遠的挑戰(zhàn),視為高于城市規(guī)劃問題的重頭戲來落實。來自草根階層的壓力必須上達國家政府,以使政府在制定生態(tài)可持續(xù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃時,能夠考慮到人類居住地不僅是不斷滿足生產(chǎn)和創(chuàng)收需要的場所,也是消費和再生產(chǎn)的場所。為應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn),應(yīng)將權(quán)力下放到社區(qū),并最終總結(jié)出同時促進城鄉(xiāng)雙方共同可持續(xù)發(fā)展的綜合途徑---這不僅是墨西哥河谷地區(qū)的要求,也是全地區(qū)乃至全球共同面臨的要求。*case理解成案例可能不妥,可以視上下文而定。
熱心網(wǎng)友
Ajusco 事例, 根據(jù)二十個月fieldwork 完成在路線 decade(1983-1993), 提供社區(qū)動員動力學(xué)并且環(huán)境章程交互式政治 和普遍的抵抗在生態(tài)學(xué)和土地利用issues。The 案件附近連接都市土 地問題并且sustainability 的概念對問題關(guān)于生計機會和政治 mediation。The 研究提出關(guān)鍵論據(jù)的當(dāng)中一個注重在關(guān)于環(huán)境的 1992 年其間世界會議和Development(Earth 山頂) 和1996 年城市 Summit(Habitat 。2o): 上升要求為健康人 settlements。。including 充分住房, 工作, 食物, 水, 社會正義 , 并且equity。。must 被和解與必要承受生活的生態(tài)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)并且 industry。The 墨西哥城案件展示努力接受這樣一廣遠挑戰(zhàn)必須超出 都市management。Bottom-up 壓力問題范圍必須清楚地被帶來反對這 個狀態(tài)所以計劃為生態(tài)學(xué)sustainability 可能考慮到這個事實人 解決愈來愈是地方為生產(chǎn)和收入世代并且地方為消耗量和 reproduction。This 挑戰(zhàn)呼號對社區(qū)empowerment 和, 最后, 對集 成方法對能承受發(fā)展在都市和鄉(xiāng)區(qū)simultaneously。。not 在Mexco 谷,。